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Canadian official war artists create an artistic rendering of war through the media of visual, digital installations, film, poetry, choreography, music, etc., by showing its impact as men and women are shown waiting, preparing, fighting, suffering, celebrating,〔Canadian War Museum (CWM), ("Australia, Britain and Canada in the Second World War," ) 2005.〕 These traditionally were a select group of artists who were employed on contract, or commissioned to produce specific works during the First World War, the Second World War and select military actions in the post-war period. This group includes members of the still operational Canadian Forces Artist Program.〔Tolson, Roger. ("A Common Cause: Britain's War Artists Scheme." ) Canadian War Museum, 2005.〕 A war artist will have depicted some aspect of war through art; this might be a pictorial record or it might commemorate how war shapes lives.〔Imperial War Museum (IWM), (About the Imperial War Museum )〕 The devastation of war is depicted in painting and drawing quite differently from what a camera can achieve. The works produced by war artists illustrate and record many aspects of war, and the individual's experience of war, whether allied or enemy, service or civilian, military or political, social or cultural. The rôle of the artist and his or her work embraces the causes, course and consequences of conflict and it has been primarily an essentially educational purpose, but now is a culturally independent act of witness in contemporary Canada.〔 Official war artists have been appointed by governments for information or propaganda purposes and to record events on the battlefield;〔National Archives (UK), ("'The Art of War,' Learn About the Art." )〕 but there are many other types of war artist. ==First World War== Representative works by Canada's war artists have been gathered into the extensive collection of the Canadian War Museum. In the First World War, Canada developed an official art program under the influence of Lord Beaverbrook. He provided leadership in creating the Canadian War Records Office in London. He also established the Canadian War Memorials Fund which evolved into a collection of war art by artists and sculptors in Britain and Canada. Some of these were considered "official" war artists. For example, the English artist Alfred Munnings was employed as war artist to the Canadian Cavalry Brigade. Munnings painted many scenes, including a mounted portrait of General Jack Seely on his horse ''Warrior'' in 1918 (now in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa).〔( Frost & Reed ): ( Munnings biography. )〕 Munnings worked on this canvas a few thousand yards from the German front lines. When General Seely's unit was forced into a hasty withdrawal, the artist discovered what it was like to come under shellfire.〔Chew, Peter. ( "The Painter Who Hated Picasso," ) ''Smithsonian.'' October 2006.〕 Munnings also painted ''Charge of Flowerdew's Squadron'' in 1918 (now in the collection of the Canadian War Museum, Ottawa).〔( Canadian War Museum: ) ( Munnings, ''Charge of Flowerdew's Squadron'' (1918). )〕 In what is known as "the last great cavalry charge" at the Battle of Moreuil Wood, Gordon Flowerdew was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for leading Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) in a successful engagement with entrenched German forces.〔( Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) Society: ) ( History of Regiment. )〕 The Canadian Forestry Corps invited Munnings to tour their work camps, and he produced drawings, watercolors and paintings, including ''Draft Horses, Lumber Mill in the Forest of Dreux'' in France in 1918.〔(Leister Galleries: ) (Munnings. )〕 This role of horses was critical and under-reported; and in fact, horse fodder was the single largest commodity shipped to the front by some countries.〔Keegan, John (1994). ''A History of Warfare,'' p. 308.〕 The "Canadian War Records Exhibition" at the Royal Academy after war's end included forty-five of Munnings canvasses.〔( Sir Alfred Munnings Museum: ) ( The Artist. )〕 Another example of a war artist embedded with Canadian forces was the Belgian soldier-artist Alfred Bastien whose work is part of the permanent collection of the Canadian War Museum.〔Beaverbrook Collection of War Art, Canadian War Museum Artifact Number: 19710261-0093—''Canadian Gunners in the Mud, Passchendaele'' by Lieutenant Alfred Theodore Joseph Bastien, 1917, oil on canvas, Height 61.3 cm, Width 86.5 cm.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Canadian official war artists」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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